The Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA), a 501(c)3 nonprofit organization, is at the forefront of advancing zoos and aquariums in conservation, education, science, and recreation. Representing over 235 facilities in the United States and abroad, drawing a collective 200 million visitors annually, AZA-accredited institutions adhere to the highest standards in animal care and welfare. As leaders in conservation, these facilities allocate over $230 million yearly to support field conservation projects benefiting over 800 species in 130 countries. With a focus on saving animals from extinction, AZA-accredited zoos and aquariums contribute to the AZA Conservation Grants Fund and participate in the Species Survival Plan® program. Beyond conservation, these institutions serve as vital centers for education, connecting more than 50 million visitors, including 40,000 trained teachers, to the natural world. Dedicated to professional excellence, AZA offers resources, conferences, and networking opportunities to ensure its members excel in the zoological and aquarium profession.

association of zoos and aquariums (aza)

Colorado is a state located in the western United States, known for its rugged natural beauty and diverse ecosystems. The state has a wide range of landscapes, including the Rocky Mountains, high plains, forests, and deserts, providing habitats for numerous species. Colorado's biodiversity is remarkable, with over 900 species of birds, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians identified. The state is home to 42 state parks and 300 wildlife areas, adding up to 218,564 acres of park lands and 684,252 acres of wildlife landscapes. However, despite its natural richness, Colorado faces environmental challenges, including habitat fragmentation, climate change, and invasive species.

colorado

Maryland, a state located in the eastern region of the United States, has a diverse environmental landscape that includes forests, wetlands, and coastal habitats. The state's unique geography and climate provide habitat for a wide range of plant and animal species.

Maryland's forests cover approximately 40% of the state's land area and are home to several wildlife species. The state's wetlands, located along the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries, are important habitats for several plant and animal species. Maryland's coastal habitats, including the Atlantic Ocean and the Chesapeake Bay, are important habitats for several marine species.

Despite its rich biodiversity, Maryland's natural resources face several challenges, including habitat loss, pollution, and climate change. The state has implemented several conservation measures to protect its natural resources, including establishing protected areas such as the Chesapeake Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve and the Assateague Island National Seashore.

maryland

The Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) is a critically endangered, hook-lipped browser native to sub‑Saharan Africa. Adults reach up to 3.5 m in length, stand 1.5 m at the shoulder, and can weigh between 700–1,300 kg. Their distinctive prehensile upper lip allows them to handle twigs and foliage with precision. Generally solitary, black rhinos may congregate at waterholes or salt licks and maintain territorial ranges.Once wide-ranging and abundant—numbering in the tens of thousands—black rhinos suffered a catastrophic decline in the 20th century, largely due to poaching and habitat loss. Decimal data indicate a recovery to roughly 6,400–6,500 individuals today, thanks to targeted conservation efforts such as anti-poaching patrols, translocations, and protected area management. Lifespan extends up to 50 years, and they display remarkable resilience—if protected.Despite gains, black rhinos remain Critically Endangered, with survival hinging on continued anti-poaching vigilance, habitat restoration, and population monitoring.

black rhinoceros, hook-lipped rhinoceros, black rhino

The Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) is an iconic great ape native to the rainforests of Borneo. Recognized for its striking reddish-brown fur, long arms, and gentle demeanor, the Bornean Orangutan is one of the closest living relatives to humans. Despite its cultural significance and ecological importance, this species faces severe threats from habitat loss, illegal hunting, and human-wildlife conflict. Conservation efforts aim to safeguard Bornean Orangutans and their habitats to ensure their survival for future generations.

bornean orangutan

The Western Lowland Gorilla is a critically endangered primate species found in the forests of Africa. It faces threats such as habitat loss, illegal hunting, and disease transmission. Conservation efforts focus on protecting its remaining habitat, implementing anti-poaching measures, and raising awareness about the importance of conserving this iconic species.

western lowland gorilla

The Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) is the largest land mammal in Asia, characterized by its smaller ears compared to its African counterpart, and a distinctively domed head with a twin-humped shape. These intelligent and social animals live in matriarchal herds led by the oldest female, while males often lead solitary lives or form bachelor groups. Asian Elephants play a crucial ecological role as mega-herbivores, shaping ecosystems through seed dispersal, vegetation management, and creating water holes.The species is revered in many cultures across its range but faces increasing challenges due to habitat fragmentation, human-wildlife conflict, and poaching. Conservation efforts focus on habitat protection, wildlife corridors, anti-poaching measures, and fostering coexistence between humans and elephants.

asian elephant, indian elephant

The Vaquita (Phocoena sinus) is the world's most endangered marine mammal, and on the verge of extinction. With less than 10 individuals remaining, this small porpoise species is found only in the Gulf of California, Mexico. The primary threat to the Vaquita is entanglement in fishing nets, particularly in illegal gillnets used to catch totoaba fish, which swim bladder is highly coveted in wet markets. Conservation efforts involve banning gillnet fishing, implementing alternative fishing methods, and international collaborations to save this species from extinction.

vaquita purpoise

The Mexican Gray Wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) is a critically endangered subspecies of the gray wolf, native to Mexico and the southwestern United States. The estimated remaining population of Mexican Gray Wolves is around 150 individuals. Historically, they faced habitat loss and persecution, and now face additional threats such as illegal shootings and genetic issues due to a small population size. Conservation efforts include captive breeding programs, reintroduction efforts, and managing conflicts with human activities to ensure their recovery and survival.

mexican gray wolf

The Black-Footed Ferret (Mustela nigripes) is a slender, elusive mustelid endemic to North American grasslands. Adults measure roughly 46–61 cm in total length, weigh between 645 – 1125 g, and feature yellowish-fur with black mask, feet, and tail tip—a distinctive “bandit” appearance. Once thought extinct, the species was rediscovered in Meeteetse, Wyoming, in the 1980s; all remaining individuals were brought into captivity for a breeding program, making the species a notable conservation success story. Today, approximately 350–400 ferrets exist in the wild across multiple reintroduction sites. Typically living 4–5 years in the wild with much shorter mean survival due to high juvenile mortality, they are strictly dependent on prairie dog colonies—for both food (a ferret kills hundreds of prairie dogs annually) and shelter, residing in their burrows. High threats stem from disease (plague and distemper) and prey loss. Natural predators include badgers, coyotes, and raptors. Despite these challenges, conservation continues via captive breeding, ongoing reintroductions, habitat management, and disease control—efforts crucial to sustaining this rare, emblematic species.

black-footed ferret

The African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) is a highly social and endangered carnivore native to sub-Saharan Africa. Their population is estimated to be around 1,400 individuals and decreasing, making them one of the most endangered large carnivores in Africa. The main threats to African wild dogs are habitat loss, fragmentation, and human-wildlife conflict. They are also susceptible to diseases spread by domestic dogs, which can have devastating effects on their populations.

african wild dog

The whooping crane (Grus americana) is one of the most endangered bird species in North America. With an estimated population of around 600 individuals, reintroduction projects are now in place and the population is estimated to be increasing. The major threats to whooping cranes include habitat loss, collision with power lines, illegal shooting, and disturbance at breeding sites. Conservation efforts involve habitat protection, captive breeding programs, and public awareness campaigns to ensure their survival.

whooping crane

The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is renowned as the fastest land animal, capable of reaching speeds up to 60-70 mph (97-113 km/h) in short bursts covering distances up to 500 meters. Cheetahs are distinguished by their slender bodies, deep chests, spotted coats, and characteristic black "tear marks" running from the inner corners of their eyes down to the sides of their mouths, which help to reflect sunlight and enable them to focus better on their prey. The estimated remaining population is around 7,500 individuals. The cheetah faces numerous threats, including habitat loss, human-wildlife conflict, poaching, and the illegal pet trade. Genetic issues and low reproductive rates also impact their long-term survival. Conservation efforts involve protected areas, community-based conservation initiatives, and anti-poaching measures to safeguard their populations and habitats.

cheetah

The red wolf (Canis rufus) is a canid species endemic found only in the southeastern United States. Once widespread throughout the region, the Red Wolf has faced severe population declines due to habitat loss, persecution, and hybridization with coyotes. The estimated remaining population is around 25 to 30 individuals in the wild, with additional individuals in captive breeding programs. Despite conservation efforts, it remains one of the rarest and most endangered canids in the world. Conservation efforts involve captive breeding and reintroduction programs, habitat restoration, and public education to save the species from extinction.

red wolf

The jaguar (panthera orca) is the largest feline species in the Americas and is renowned for its strength, agility, and distinctive golden coat marked by dark rosettes and spots. An apex predator, this species plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of ecosystems throughout its range. Habitat loss and fragmentation from deforestation and human encroachment endanger its survival. Poaching for its coveted pelt and conflicts with humans add to the challenges. Urgent action is crucial to protect the jaguar's habitats, curb poaching, and engage communities.

jaguar

The Central chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) is a subspecies of the common chimpanzee found in central African rainforests. Recognized for their intelligence and tool use, they exhibit a robust build with coarse black hair and a range of vocalizations for communication. Inhabiting central Africa in countries like Cameroon, Gabon, and Central African Republic, their exact remaining population is unknown but believed to be decreasing due to habitat loss from logging, agriculture, hunting, and the illegal pet trade, highlighting the urgent need for habitat protection, anti-poaching efforts, and conservation awareness.

central chimpanzee

The Lion (Panthera leo), one of the iconic big cats, faces a significant population decline of approximately 45% over the past few years. Issues such as habitat loss, indiscriminate killing, and emerging threats like bone trade contribute to the decline. While some subpopulations remain stable, proper funding and management are crucial for survival, especially in resource-limited areas. Immediate action is essential to address habitat preservation, anti-poaching measures, and community-based strategies to secure the future of this iconic species and maintain ecological balance.

lion

The Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA), a 501(c)3 nonprofit organization, is at the forefront of advancing zoos and aquariums in conservation, education...

association of zoos and aquariums (AZA)

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