Defenders of Wildlife, founded in 1947, stands as a premier U.S.-based national conservation organization committed to safeguarding imperiled species and their habitats in North America. With a direct and impactful approach, Defenders transforms policies and institutions, advocating for innovative solutions backed by scientific, legal, and policy expertise. Engaging in various arenas, from Congress to federal agencies, they tirelessly protect wildlife through effective advocacy and hands-on wildlife management. The organization envisions a future where diverse wildlife populations thrive, supported by a network of healthy lands and waters. Their strategic plan focuses on long-term solutions, ensuring Defenders remains a potent voice for wildlife conservation, with a commitment to securing North America's wild animals and habitats for future generations.

defenders of wildlife

With its diverse environmental landscape encompassing arid deserts, tropical rainforests, snowy peaks, and coastal waters, Mexico is a nation abounding in natural resources. This biodiversity has propelled Mexico to become one of the most biologically diverse countries globally, with over 25,000 species of animals and plants calling it home.

Mexico proudly boasts the fourth-highest number of mammal species worldwide, with more than 500 species present. Among the most notable mammals in Mexico are the jaguar, ocelot, and howler monkey. In addition, over 1,000 species of birds, such as the colorful quetzal and the iconic Mexican eagle, can be found here.

Despite this impressive diversity, many of Mexico's species are at risk of extinction due to habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change. Over 700 species of plants and animals are presently endangered in the country.

mexico

Arizona is a state located in the southwestern United States, known for its striking desert landscapes, towering mountains, and unique geological formations. Its natural environment is characterized by a hot, arid climate, with vast expanses of desert terrain interspersed with rugged mountains and deep river canyons.

Despite its harsh climate, Arizona is home to a diverse array of flora and fauna. The state's desert ecosystems are home to a variety of plant species, including cacti, succulents, and wildflowers. The desert is also home to a variety of animal species, including rattlesnakes, coyotes, and desert bighorn sheep. The state's mountains are home to a variety of wildlife, including black bears, mountain lions, and numerous bird species, such as hawks and eagles.

Arizona's unique geological formations are also a major attraction, including the Grand Canyon, one of the world's most famous natural wonders. The state is also home to a number of other geological features, including towering rock formations, deep canyons, and ancient lava flows.

However, Arizona's natural environment is facing numerous challenges, including water scarcity, wildfires, and habitat destruction due to human activities such as urbanization and mining. Climate change is also having an impact on the environment, with rising temperatures and changing weather patterns affecting ecosystems and wildlife.

arizona

California is a state located on the west coast of the United States, known for its diverse natural environment that includes rugged coastline, vast deserts, and towering mountain ranges. The state's natural environment is home to a rich variety of flora and fauna, including several endemic species.

The coastline of California is home to several marine mammals, including sea otters, harbor seals, and elephant seals, as well as several species of birds, such as pelicans, gulls, and cormorants. The state's beaches and wetlands provide important nesting and feeding grounds for several species of migratory birds.

The deserts of California, such as the Mojave and Sonoran deserts, are home to several species of animals, including desert tortoises, bighorn sheep, and rattlesnakes, as well as several species of cactus and other desert flora.

The mountain ranges of California, such as the Sierra Nevada and the Cascade Range, are home to several species of animals, including black bears, mountain lions, and several species of birds such as the California condor. The mountains also provide habitat for a variety of plant species, including several rare and endemic species.

California has several protected areas, such as Yosemite National Park and Joshua Tree National Park, which protect the state's unique biodiversity and provide opportunities for eco-tourism activities such as hiking, camping, and wildlife watching.

Despite its rich natural environment, California faces several environmental challenges, including air and water pollution, habitat loss due to urbanization, and the impacts of climate change.

california

The District of Columbia, located in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States, is an urban area surrounded by natural landscapes and parklands. While the district may not have the same vast wilderness areas as other parts of the country, it is home to a rich and diverse urban ecosystem.

The district's natural landscape is dominated by the Potomac River, which flows through the heart of the city, and several parklands, such as Rock Creek Park, Anacostia Park, and Kenilworth Park and Aquatic Gardens. These green spaces provide important habitats for many species of plants and animals, including migratory birds and fish.

Despite being an urban area, the district has a significant biodiversity, with over 900 species of plants and animals recorded within its borders. The district is home to a variety of wildlife, including white-tailed deer, coyotes, raccoons, and a variety of bird species. The Potomac River and its tributaries are also home to several fish species.


However, like many urban areas, the district faces various environmental challenges, including air and water pollution, habitat loss, and the effects of climate change. 

district of columbia

daho is a state located in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. The state has a diverse environment, with vast forests, rugged mountains, and numerous lakes and rivers. Idaho's natural resources, including its wildlife and scenic landscapes, are an essential part of its economy and way of life.

The state's biodiversity is relatively rich, with over 2,000 plant species and over 400 vertebrate species, including mammals, birds, reptiles, and fish. Some of the state's most notable wildlife species include elk, moose, grizzly bears, and mountain goats. Idaho is also home to several endangered species, including the northern Idaho ground squirrel and the gray wolf.

Idaho's environment is also a vital part of its economy, with the state's vast forests providing timber and other forest products. The state's many rivers and lakes are important for fishing, irrigation, and recreation. The state's natural beauty also attracts millions of tourists each year, contributing significantly to the state's economy.

However, Idaho's environment faces several challenges, including the impacts of climate change, wildfires, and invasive species. Climate change is leading to hotter and drier summers, increasing the risk of wildfires and putting pressure on the state's water resources. Invasive species, such as cheatgrass and zebra mussels, are also threatening the state's biodiversity and ecosystems.

idaho

Kansas, located in the Great Plains region of the United States, has a unique biodiversity and environmental landscape. The state is known for its grasslands, prairies, and wetlands, which support a diverse array of plant and animal species.

Kansas has over 7,500 documented species, including 3,500 plant species, over 460 bird species, 100 species of mammals, and more than 50 species of reptiles and amphibians. Additionally, the state is home to over 250 species of fish, which can be found in its many rivers and streams.

Despite the state's extensive biodiversity, many of its plant and animal species are threatened or endangered. The reasons for these species' decline vary, but habitat loss, invasive species, and pollution are significant factors.


kansas

Montana, located in the western region of the United States, is known for its diverse and rugged environmental landscape, including mountains, forests, prairies, and rivers. The state's rich biodiversity provides habitat for a wide variety of plant and animal species.

Montana is home to over 400 species of birds. The state also has a diverse population of mammals. Montana's waters support over 100 fish species.

However, like many other states, Montana's environment is threatened by various factors, such as climate change, habitat loss, and invasive species. The state has faced challenges such as wildfire, drought, and the loss of wetland habitats.

To address these challenges, Montana has implemented policies and programs to protect its environment and biodiversity. The state has established several protected areas, such as Glacier National Park and Yellowstone National Park, to conserve critical ecosystems and provide habitat for endangered species.

montana

New Mexico, located in the southwestern region of the United States, is known for its diverse landscapes, including its deserts, mountains, and canyons. The state's natural beauty is reflected in its rich biodiversity, which provides habitat for a wide variety of plant and animal species.

New Mexico is home to over 500 bird species, a diverse population of mammals, and over 140 fish species.

However, like many other states, New Mexico's environment is threatened by various factors, such as habitat loss, invasive species, and climate change. The state has faced challenges such as drought, wildfire, and biodiversity loss.

To address these challenges, New Mexico has implemented policies and programs to protect its environment and biodiversity. The state has established several protected areas, such as Bandelier National Monument and Gila Wilderness, to conserve critical ecosystems and provide habitat for endangered species.

new mexico

Oregon is a state located in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, known for its diverse and unique environmental landscape. The state is home to a variety of ecosystems, including forests, mountains, wetlands, and coastal areas, each with its own distinctive flora and fauna.

The state's western region is characterized by the Cascade Mountains, which run north-south through the state and include several active volcanoes. These mountains are home to diverse plant and animal species. The western region also features a rugged coastline along the Pacific Ocean, which provides a habitat for marine life. High desert landscapes, including the expansive and remote Alvord Desert, dominate Oregon's eastern region, home to a variety of unique plant and animal species. The state's forests are also an important component of its environmental landscape, with approximately 30 million acres of forest land covering nearly half of the state. These forests also provide a habitat for a variety of wildlife.

However, Oregon faces a number of environmental challenges, including the impacts of climate change, habitat loss, and the threat of invasive species. 

oregon

Texas is a large state located in the southern region of the United States. Its environmental landscape is varied, with several ecological regions within its borders, including forests, grasslands, deserts, and coastal areas.

Texas has a rich biodiversity, with over 5,000 species of animals and plants, many of which are endemic to the state. The state is home to several large mammals and a diverse bird population.

Unfortunately, many of Texas's native species are threatened or endangered. Habitat loss, pollution, and climate change are some of the factors contributing to their decline. Texas is also known for its oil and gas industry, which has significantly impacted the state's environment.

texas

South Dakota is a state located in the midwestern region of the United States. The state's geography is characterized by the Great Plains, rolling hills, prairies, and fertile river valleys. South Dakota has a diverse range of flora and fauna, including numerous species that are unique to the region.

The state's most notable environmental features are the Black Hills and Badlands regions. The Black Hills are a small mountain range that rises up from the Great Plains and is home to a diverse range of wildlife, including mountain lions, bighorn sheep, and elk. The Badlands region is characterized by rugged terrain, deep canyons, and sharp peaks. It is home to several species of prairie dogs, bison, and coyotes.

South Dakota is home to numerous plant and animal species, many of which are considered rare or threatened. The state's grasslands and prairies provide important habitat for a variety of bird species, including the sharp-tailed grouse, greater prairie chicken, and western meadowlark.

South Dakota is also known for its abundant mineral resources, including gold, silver, and uranium. The mining industry has been a significant economic driver for the state, but it has also raised concerns about the impact on the environment and wildlife in the region. Additionally, agriculture is a major industry in South Dakota, with crops like wheat, soybeans, and corn being among the top products.

In recent years, South Dakota has made efforts to preserve its natural resources through initiatives such as protecting wetlands and restoring grasslands. The state also has several national parks and wildlife refuges, including Badlands National Park, Wind Cave National Park, and the Black Hills National Forest, which are popular tourist destinations.

south dakota

Washington is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, known for its lush forests, mountain ranges, and scenic coastlines. The state's natural beauty is largely attributed to its diverse geography, which includes three distinct ecosystems: the Pacific coastline, the Cascade Range, and the eastern highlands.

The coastal region of Washington is home to sandy beaches, rocky cliffs, and towering evergreen forests. It is also an important habitat for marine life, including orcas, gray whales, sea otters, and a variety of fish and shellfish species. The state's coastline is vulnerable to ocean acidification, which threatens the health of the marine ecosystem and the livelihoods of coastal communities.

The Cascade Range, which runs through the center of the state, is a mountainous region that includes some of the state's highest peaks, including Mount Rainier and Mount Baker. The area is characterized by alpine meadows, glaciers, and old-growth forests. It is home to a diverse array of wildlife.

The eastern highlands of Washington are characterized by rolling hills, vast grasslands, and deep river canyons. The region is a critical habitat for a variety of species and a number of threatened and endangered plant species. However, the region is also facing environmental challenges, including habitat loss due to agricultural expansion and overgrazing.

washington

The Florida Manatee is a large, slow-moving aquatic mammal that inhabits the coastal waters, rivers, and springs of Florida. These herbivorous mammals have paddle-shaped flippers and a round, flattened tail used for propulsion. Adult manatees can grow up to 10–12 feet (3–4 meters) in length and weigh between 800 and 1,200 pounds (360–540 kg). They are often called "sea cows" because they graze on underwater vegetation. Manatees are fully aquatic and are known for their gentle and curious nature. They need warm water to survive, often gathering in natural springs or near power plants during colder months to avoid cold stress, which can be fatal.

florida manatee

The Gunnison Sage-Grouse is a unique bird species endemic to southwestern Colorado and southeastern Utah. The Bird Conservancy of the Rockies is working towards conserving the sagebrush habitats and populations of this endangered species. 

Dr. Clait E. Braun is a renowned avian ecologist and one of the leading experts on Gunnison Sage-Grouse. He has conducted extensive research on the species and has been involved in conservation efforts for several decades. 

The primary threats to this species include habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation due to land development and other human activities. 

gunnison sage-grouse

The Sonoran Pronghorn (Antilocapra americana sonoriensis) is an endangered subspecies of pronghorn antelope found in the Sonoran Desert of the southwestern United States and Mexico. The primary threats to the Sonoran Pronghorn include habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation due to urban development, agriculture, and livestock grazing. Climate change and barriers to migration also impact their population.

sonoran pronghorn

The California Condor is a bird species endemic to North America facing extinction. With an estimated remaining population of around 100 individuals, it is one of the rarest bird species in the world. The primary threats to California Condors include habitat loss, poisoning from lead ammunition, and collisions with power lines. Conservation efforts involve captive breeding programs, habitat protection, and ongoing monitoring of wild populations. Additionally, efforts are made to reduce lead exposure and promote alternative ammunition to safeguard the survival of this critically endangered species.

california condor

The Sierra Nevada Bighorn Sheep is an endangered mammal species native to the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California, USA. Its population was estimated to be around 600 individuals in 2016, but it is believed two have declined by about half recently. Threats to the Sierra Nevada Bighorn Sheep include habitat fragmentation, competition with domestic sheep, disease transmission, and climate change. Conservation efforts focus on habitat restoration, captive breeding and translocation programs, and monitoring population health. Collaborative initiatives aim to mitigate threats and ensure the long-term survival of this iconic and endangered species.

sierra nevada bighorn sheep

The North Atlantic Right Whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is a critically endangered marine mammal and one of the rarest large whales in the world. With a robust black body, no dorsal fin, and a broad, deeply notched tail, this whale is easily recognizable. Unique callosities on its head allow researchers to identify individuals. Right whales feed primarily on copepods and other zooplankton, using baleen plates to filter their prey from the water. Their migratory patterns link calving areas in the southeastern United States to feeding grounds in the North Atlantic. Threatened by vessel strikes, fishing gear entanglements, and shifting prey availability due to climate change, their population has been drastically reduced. Conservation efforts include speed limits for vessels, fishing gear modifications, and the establishment of protected zones to mitigate human impacts and ensure the survival of this iconic species.

black right whale, north atlantic right whale

Woodland Caribou is an endangered subspecies of caribou found in North America. The estimated remaining population varies across different regions, but overall, it is declining. The main threats to Woodland Caribou include habitat loss and fragmentation due to industrial development, predation by wolves, and disturbance from human activities. Conservation efforts involve habitat restoration, predator management, and the creation of protected areas to safeguard the remaining populations.

woodland caribou

The Bog Turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) is a turtle species found in the eastern United States currently facing extinction. With an estimated remaining population of fewer than 2,500 individuals, it is highly threatened. The primary threats to the Bog Turtle include habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation due to agriculture, urbanization, and invasive species. Conservation efforts involve wetland restoration, land protection, and monitoring programs to ensure the survival of this critically endangered turtle species.

bog turtle

The Red Knot (Calidris canutus rufa) is an endangered migratory shorebird species. The population of Red Knot has faced declines due to habitat loss, disturbance at stopover sites, and a decrease in food availability caused by overfishing of horseshoe crabs. The estimated remaining population is uncertain, but conservation efforts aim to protect critical stopover habitats, regulate horseshoe crab harvest, and promote sustainable fishing practices.

red knot

The Florida Panther (Puma concolor coryi) is the the only puma population east of the Mississippi, found in the southern part of Florida, United States. The estimated remaining population of the Florida Panther is thought to be around 120 to 230 individuals. The primary threats to this species include habitat loss and fragmentation due to urban development, road mortality, and genetic issues caused by a small and isolated population. Conservation efforts focus on habitat preservation, reducing human-wildlife conflicts, and genetic restoration programs.

florida panther

The Black-tailed Prairie Dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) is a rodent species found in the grasslands of North America. The estimated remaining population is unknown but generally decreasing. The main threats to this species include habitat loss, disease outbreaks, and extermination efforts. Conservation efforts involve habitat conservation, management plans, and promoting coexistence with human activities.

black-tailed prairie dog

The Louisiana Black Bear (Ursus americanus luteolus) is a subspecies of the American Black Bear. Once at the brink of extinction due to habitat loss and overhunting, conservation efforts have led to population recovery, though challenges remain. These charismatic omnivores play a vital role in forest ecosystems, influencing plant diversity and serving as indicators of ecosystem health. The main threats to this species include habitat loss and fragmentation due to urban development, agriculture, and forestry. Additionally, road mortality and illegal hunting pose significant risks to their survival.

louisiana black bear

The Vaquita (Phocoena sinus) is the world's most endangered marine mammal, and on the verge of extinction. With less than 10 individuals remaining, this small porpoise species is found only in the Gulf of California, Mexico. The primary threat to the Vaquita is entanglement in fishing nets, particularly in illegal gillnets used to catch totoaba fish, which swim bladder is highly coveted in wet markets. Conservation efforts involve banning gillnet fishing, implementing alternative fishing methods, and international collaborations to save this species from extinction.

vaquita purpoise

The Mexican Gray Wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) is a critically endangered subspecies of the gray wolf, native to Mexico and the southwestern United States. The estimated remaining population of Mexican Gray Wolves is around 150 individuals. Historically, they faced habitat loss and persecution, and now face additional threats such as illegal shootings and genetic issues due to a small population size. Conservation efforts include captive breeding programs, reintroduction efforts, and managing conflicts with human activities to ensure their recovery and survival.

mexican gray wolf

The Black-Footed Ferret (Mustela nigripes) is a slender, elusive mustelid endemic to North American grasslands. Adults measure roughly 46–61 cm in total length, weigh between 645 – 1125 g, and feature yellowish-fur with black mask, feet, and tail tip—a distinctive “bandit” appearance. Once thought extinct, the species was rediscovered in Meeteetse, Wyoming, in the 1980s; all remaining individuals were brought into captivity for a breeding program, making the species a notable conservation success story. Today, approximately 350–400 ferrets exist in the wild across multiple reintroduction sites. Typically living 4–5 years in the wild with much shorter mean survival due to high juvenile mortality, they are strictly dependent on prairie dog colonies—for both food (a ferret kills hundreds of prairie dogs annually) and shelter, residing in their burrows. High threats stem from disease (plague and distemper) and prey loss. Natural predators include badgers, coyotes, and raptors. Despite these challenges, conservation continues via captive breeding, ongoing reintroductions, habitat management, and disease control—efforts crucial to sustaining this rare, emblematic species.

black-footed ferret

The Grizzly Bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) is a threatened bear species found in North America, including parts of the United States and Canada. The remaining population of Grizzly Bears is estimated to be several thousand individuals. Habitat loss, habitat fragmentation, and conflicts with humans are major threats to this species. Conservation efforts involve habitat protection, implementing measures to reduce human-bear conflicts, and raising awareness about the importance of preserving the ecosystems that support these iconic bears.

grizzly bear

The Mojave Desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) is a reptile species endemic to the Mojave Desert of North America that is facing extinction. &nbsp;It is known for its dome-shaped, brown-to-tan carapace and elephant-like, sturdy limbs. Adults typically reach 10–14 inches (25–35 cm) in length and weigh between 8 and 15 pounds (3.6–6.8 kg). The tortoise spends the majority of its life underground in burrows to escape the extreme desert temperatures. It feeds on native grasses, wildflowers, and cacti. The exact remaining population is uncertain, but it is believed to be severely fragmented and decreasing. The primary threats to the Mojave Desert tortoise include habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation due to urbanization, off-road vehicle use, renewable energy development, and invasive species. Disease outbreaks, predation, and climate change also pose challenges to their conservation.

agassiz's desert tortoise, mojave desert tortoise

The Lesser Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) is a unique bird species native to the Southern Great Plains of the United States. Known for its striking appearance and elaborate courtship displays, this grouse-like bird plays a vital role in grassland ecosystems. However, its population has dramatically declined due to habitat loss, primarily caused by agricultural and energy development. Conservation efforts are urgently needed to protect its dwindling habitat, implement sustainable land-use practices, and mitigate the threats it faces.

lesser prairie-chicken​

The Canadian Lynx (Lynx canadensis) is a wild cat species native to North America, with a range extending from Alaska and Canada to parts of the northern United States. Recognized by its distinctive tufted ears, thick fur, and large paws adapted for traversing snowy terrain, this lynx is perfectly suited to its boreal forest habitat. It primarily preys on snowshoe hares, its main food source. However, the Canadian Lynx faces conservation challenges due to habitat fragmentation and prey population fluctuations. Conservation efforts, including habitat protection and research, are crucial to ensure the survival of this iconic species in its northern wilderness.

canadian lynx

The Aphelocoma coerulescens, also known as the Florida Scrub Jay, is a species of bird endemic to the U.S. state of Florida. It is highly social and lives in family groups.

florida scrub-jay

The red wolf (Canis rufus) is a canid species endemic found only in the southeastern United States. Once widespread throughout the region, the Red Wolf has faced severe population declines due to habitat loss, persecution, and hybridization with coyotes. The estimated remaining population is around 25 to 30 individuals in the wild, with additional individuals in captive breeding programs. Despite conservation efforts, it remains one of the rarest and most endangered canids in the world. Conservation efforts involve captive breeding and reintroduction programs, habitat restoration, and public education to save the species from extinction.

red wolf

nelson's woodrat

west indian manatee, american manatee

Defenders of Wildlife, founded in 1947, stands as a premier U.S.-based national conservation organization committed to safeguarding imperiled species and the...

defenders of wildlife

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